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Antique Photographs. Please open this link for our New Website
A collection of Antique Qajar photographs from Hamid Tavakoli.
It may be said that the golden age of Iranian photography was from
the mid 1840's to the mid 1920's. During this period hard working
and enthusiastic men with large, slow and heavy cameras equipped with
fragile sensitive glasses took pictures of everything within their
sight and perfected the art of printing and development of photographs.
They pointed their cameras at formal occasions, hunts, summer quarters,
historic structures and ordinary people recording thousands of important
documents from their era, which are without any doubt the most important
pictorial evidence of the era in Iranian history. Their photographs
tell a lot about the period, clothes, architecture, customs, faces,
types of buildings, jokes and a lot of other information. Besides
documentary value, Qajar era photographs present pure, creative and
artistic viewpoints without any previous pictorial experience to guide
them.
Composition of images, moods, backgrounds and the use of furniture
such as chairs and tables attest to the creativity of the photographers.
In the beginning because of its high cost, photography was at the
service of the nobility. As a consequence there exists a large number
of photographs depicting life in the Qajar court and in the upper
classes. Photography expanded during Naser-od-Din Shah's reign, who
himself was an enthusiast. He photographed everything that surrounded
him: court ceremonies, religious rituals, grand receptions, summering
camps, hunts, vazirs and even his own harem women. Naser-od-Din Shah
diligently cared for his photographs and organized them into brautiful
binded collections. Surviving photographs of this particular era are
treasures of pictorial information and documentation about the land,
culture and people of Iran during a sensitive period.
Less than ten years had passed the advent of photography in Europe
when this technique found its way to Iran.
It was during the latter years of the reign of Mohammed Shah Qajar
and the early years of that of his son Naser al-Din Shah, that the
royal court took special interest in this magical innovation.
Indeed, Naser al-Din Shah was among the first to master the art of
photography. He enjoyed working on themes as diverse as the women
of his harem, architecture, landscapes, hunting escapades and even
political prisoners. He also left behind an excellent collection of
self-portraits.
Historical records refer to two French men, Carlion and Richard, whose
services were engaged by the court for the purpose of photography
and instruction of methods of developing and printing as early
as 1844. The European diplomatic missions along with technical and
military advisors stationed in Iran were also instrumental in introducing
the different methods of printing as they developed in Europe. Furthermore
they were active in documenting their sojourn in this part of the
orient. August Kerziz Austrian military instructor (1851-59), Focchetti
Italian engineer (1847), Luigi Pesce Italian general and military
attaché (1848-61), Luigi Montabone Italian photographer (1862)
and Ernst Holtzer German engineer (1860’s) are a few examples
of such Europeans.
By 1860 photography was taught at Dar al-Fonoun (polytechnic institute)
in Tehran. Many students of the institute left for Europe in order
to pursue and perfect their education in photography. Reza Khan Eghbal
al-Saltaneh, Abdollah Khan Qajar, Mohammed Jafar Khan Khadem are Iranians
whose photography careers began in the late 1850’s. Roussi Khan,
a pupil of Abdollah Khan Qajar, inaugurated the first public photography
studio in Tehran in 1878. By 1890 such studios had been established
in the main cities such as Tabriz, Isfahan, Bushehr and Shiraz.
Considering the fact that the ground breaking innovations in photography
and printing took place between 1839-41 in Europe, the early years
of Iranian photography are almost coincidental with and run parallel
to that of Europe. As such early Iranian photographers and the Europeans
who lived or traveled through Iran at the time, documenting their
lives and surroundings through photography are among the forerunners
of this art and propagators of this technique in the history of photography.
These men have left behind a legacy of photographs depicting their
epoch which have found their way to European and American museums,
archives of collectors here and abroad, and the vaults of men and
women who guard their family heritage.
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